207 lines
9.7 KiB
Python
207 lines
9.7 KiB
Python
# @Time : 2022/10/2
|
||
# @Author :@Zhang Jiale @Dimlitter @6dylan6
|
||
# @File : jdspider.py
|
||
|
||
import json
|
||
import logging
|
||
import random
|
||
import re
|
||
import sys
|
||
import time
|
||
from urllib.parse import quote, urlencode
|
||
|
||
import requests
|
||
import zhon.hanzi
|
||
from lxml import etree
|
||
|
||
|
||
# Reference: https://github.com/fxsjy/jieba/blob/1e20c89b66f56c9301b0feed211733ffaa1bd72a/jieba/__init__.py#L27
|
||
log_console = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stderr)
|
||
default_logger = logging.getLogger('jdspider')
|
||
default_logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
|
||
default_logger.addHandler(log_console)
|
||
|
||
|
||
class JDSpider:
|
||
# 爬虫实现类：传入商品类别（如手机、电脑），构造实例。然后调用getData搜集数据。
|
||
def __init__(self, categlory, ck):
|
||
# jD起始搜索页面
|
||
self.startUrl = "https://search.jd.com/Search?keyword=%s&enc=utf-8&wq=%s" % (
|
||
quote(categlory),quote(categlory))
|
||
self.commentBaseUrl = "https://sclub.jd.com/comment/productPageComments.action?"
|
||
self.headers = {
|
||
'accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
|
||
'accept-encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
|
||
'accept-language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
|
||
'cache-control': 'max-age=0',
|
||
'dnt': '1',
|
||
'sec-ch-ua': '" Not A;Brand";v="99", "Chromium";v="98", "Google Chrome";v="98"',
|
||
'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0',
|
||
'sec-ch-ua-platform': '"Windows"',
|
||
'sec-fetch-dest': 'document',
|
||
'sec-fetch-site': 'none',
|
||
'sec-fetch-user': '?1',
|
||
'upgrade-insecure-requests': '1',
|
||
'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/105.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'
|
||
}
|
||
self.productsId = self.getId()
|
||
self.comtype = {1: "差评", 2: "中评", 3: "好评"}
|
||
self.categlory = categlory
|
||
self.ck = ck
|
||
self.iplist = {
|
||
'http': [],
|
||
'https': []
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
def getParamUrl(self, productid, page, score):
|
||
params = { # 用于控制页数，页面信息数的数据，非常重要，必不可少，要不然会被JD识别出来，爬不出相应的数据。
|
||
"productId": "%s" % (productid),
|
||
"score": "%s" % (score), # 1表示差评，2表示中评，3表示好评
|
||
"sortType": "5",
|
||
"page": "%s" % (page),
|
||
"pageSize": "10",
|
||
"isShadowSku": "0",
|
||
"rid": "0",
|
||
"fold": "1"
|
||
}
|
||
url = self.commentBaseUrl + urlencode(params)
|
||
return params, url
|
||
|
||
def getHeaders(self, productid): # 和初始的self.header不同，这是搜集某个商品的header，加入了商品id，我也不知道去掉了会怎样。
|
||
header = {
|
||
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/105.0.0.0 Safari/537.36",
|
||
"Cookie": self.ck.encode("utf-8")
|
||
}
|
||
return header
|
||
|
||
def getId(self): # 获取商品id，为了得到具体商品页面的网址。结果保存在self.productId的数组里
|
||
response = requests.get(self.startUrl, headers=self.headers)
|
||
if response.status_code != 200:
|
||
default_logger.warning("状态码错误，连接异常！")
|
||
html = etree.HTML(response.text)
|
||
return html.xpath('//li[@class="gl-item"]/@data-sku')
|
||
|
||
def getData(self, maxPage, score,): # maxPage是搜集评论的最大页数，每页10条数据。差评和好评的最大一般页码不相同，一般情况下：好评>>差评>中评
|
||
# maxPage遇到超出的页码会自动跳出，所以设大点也没有关系。
|
||
# score是指那种评价类型，好评3、中评2、差评1。
|
||
|
||
comments = []
|
||
scores = []
|
||
if len(self.productsId) < 4: # limit the sum of products
|
||
sum = len(self.productsId)
|
||
else:
|
||
sum = 3
|
||
for j in range(sum):
|
||
id = self.productsId[j]
|
||
header = self.getHeaders(id)
|
||
for i in range(1, maxPage):
|
||
param, url = self.getParamUrl(id, i, score)
|
||
default_logger.info("正在搜集第%d个商品第%d页的评论信息" % (j+1, i))
|
||
try:
|
||
response = requests.get(url, headers=header, params=param)
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
default_logger.warning(e)
|
||
break
|
||
if response.status_code != 200:
|
||
default_logger.warning("状态码错误，连接异常")
|
||
continue
|
||
time.sleep(random.randint(5, 10)) # 设置时延，防止被封IP
|
||
if response.text == '':
|
||
default_logger.warning("未搜集到信息")
|
||
continue
|
||
try:
|
||
res_json = json.loads(response.text)
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
default_logger.warning(e)
|
||
continue
|
||
if len((res_json['comments'])) == 0:
|
||
default_logger.warning("本页无评价数据，跳过")
|
||
break
|
||
default_logger.info("正在搜集 %s 的%s信息" %
|
||
(self.categlory, self.comtype[score]))
|
||
for cdit in res_json['comments']:
|
||
comment = cdit['content'].replace(
|
||
"\n", ' ').replace('\r', ' ')
|
||
comments.append(comment)
|
||
scores.append(cdit['score'])
|
||
# savepath = './'+self.categlory+'_'+self.comtype[score]+'.csv'
|
||
default_logger.warning("已搜集%d条%s信息" %
|
||
(len(comments), self.comtype[score]))
|
||
# 存入列表,简单处理评价
|
||
remarks = []
|
||
for i in range(len(comments)):
|
||
rst = comments[i]
|
||
rst = re.findall(zhon.hanzi.sentence, comments[i])
|
||
if len(rst) == 0 or rst == ['。'] or rst == ['？'] or rst == ['！'] or rst == ['.'] or rst == [','] or rst == ['?'] or rst == ['!']:
|
||
#default_logger.warning("拆分失败或结果不符(去除空格和标点符号)：%s" % (rst))
|
||
continue
|
||
else:
|
||
remarks.append(rst)
|
||
result = self.solvedata(remarks=remarks)
|
||
if len(result) == 0:
|
||
default_logger.warning("当前商品没有评价,使用默认评价")
|
||
result = ["考虑买这个$之前我是有担心过的，因为我不知道$的质量和品质怎么样，但是看了评论后我就放心了。",
|
||
"买这个$之前我是有看过好几家店，最后看到这家店的评价不错就决定在这家店买 ",
|
||
"看了好几家店，也对比了好几家店，最后发现还是这一家的$评价最好。",
|
||
"看来看去最后还是选择了这家。",
|
||
"之前在这家店也买过其他东西，感觉不错，这次又来啦。",
|
||
"这家的$的真是太好用了，用了第一次就还想再用一次。",
|
||
"收到货后我非常的开心，因为$的质量和品质真的非常的好！",
|
||
"拆开包装后惊艳到我了，这就是我想要的$!",
|
||
"快递超快！包装的很好！！很喜欢！！！",
|
||
"包装的很精美！$的质量和品质非常不错！",
|
||
"收到快递后迫不及待的拆了包装。$我真的是非常喜欢",
|
||
"真是一次难忘的购物，这辈子没见过这么好用的东西！！",
|
||
"经过了这次愉快的购物，我决定如果下次我还要买$的话，我一定会再来这家店买的。",
|
||
"不错不错！",
|
||
"我会推荐想买$的朋友也来这家店里买",
|
||
"真是一次愉快的购物！",
|
||
"大大的好评!以后买$再来你们店！(￣▽￣)",
|
||
"真是一次愉快的购物！"
|
||
]
|
||
return result
|
||
|
||
def solvedata(self, remarks):
|
||
# 将数据拆分成句子
|
||
sentences = []
|
||
for i in range(len(remarks)):
|
||
for j in range(len(remarks[i])):
|
||
sentences.append(remarks[i][j])
|
||
#default_logger.info("搜集的评价结果：" + str(sentences))
|
||
return sentences
|
||
|
||
# 存入mysql数据库
|
||
'''
|
||
db = pymysql.connect(host='主机名',user='用户名',password='密码',db='数据库名',charset='utf8mb4')
|
||
mycursor = db.cursor()
|
||
mycursor.execute("use jd") # 根据自己的数据库名称更改
|
||
mycursor.execute("TRUNCATE table jd")
|
||
for i in range(len(comments)):
|
||
sql = "insert into jd(i,scores,comments) values('%s','%s','%s')"%(id,scores[i],comments[i]) # 根据自己的表结构更改
|
||
try:
|
||
mycursor.execute(sql)
|
||
db.commit()
|
||
except Exception as e:
|
||
logging.warning(e)
|
||
db.rollback()
|
||
mycursor.close()
|
||
db.close()
|
||
logging.warning("已存入数据库")
|
||
'''
|
||
|
||
# 存入csv文件
|
||
'''
|
||
with open(savepath,'a+',encoding ='utf8') as f:
|
||
for i in range(len(comments)):
|
||
f.write("%d\t%s\t%s\n"%(i,scores[i],comments[i]))
|
||
logging.warning("数据已保存在 %s"%(savepath))
|
||
'''
|
||
|
||
|
||
# 测试用例
|
||
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||
jdlist = ['笔筒台灯插座 手机支架多功能USB充电LED护眼灯遥控定时学生学习阅 读灯宿舍寝室卧室床头书桌台灯插排 笔筒台灯 4插位+2USB 1.8米（不带遥控）']
|
||
for item in jdlist:
|
||
spider = JDSpider(item)
|
||
spider.getData(4, 3)
|