372 lines
12 KiB
Python
372 lines
12 KiB
Python
# 声明：本代码仅供学习和研究目的使用。使用者应遵守以下原则：
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# 1. 不得用于任何商业用途。
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# 2. 使用时应遵守目标平台的使用条款和robots.txt规则。
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# 3. 不得进行大规模爬取或对平台造成运营干扰。
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# 4. 应合理控制请求频率，避免给目标平台带来不必要的负担。
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# 5. 不得用于任何非法或不当的用途。
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#
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# 详细许可条款请参阅项目根目录下的LICENSE文件。
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# 使用本代码即表示您同意遵守上述原则和LICENSE中的所有条款。
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
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import json
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from typing import Dict, List, Optional
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from urllib.parse import parse_qs, urlparse
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import execjs
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from parsel import Selector
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from constant import zhihu as zhihu_constant
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from model.m_zhihu import ZhihuComment, ZhihuContent, ZhihuCreator
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from tools.crawler_util import extract_text_from_html
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ZHIHU_SGIN_JS = None
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def sign(url: str, cookies: str) -> Dict:
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"""
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zhihu sign algorithm
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Args:
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url: request url with query string
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cookies: request cookies with d_c0 key
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Returns:
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"""
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global ZHIHU_SGIN_JS
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if not ZHIHU_SGIN_JS:
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with open("libs/zhihu.js", mode="r", encoding="utf-8-sig") as f:
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ZHIHU_SGIN_JS = execjs.compile(f.read())
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return ZHIHU_SGIN_JS.call("get_sign", url, cookies)
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class ZhihuExtractor:
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def __init__(self):
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pass
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def extract_contents_from_search(self, json_data: Dict) -> List[ZhihuContent]:
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"""
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extract zhihu contents
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Args:
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json_data: zhihu json data
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Returns:
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"""
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if not json_data:
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return []
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search_result: List[Dict] = json_data.get("data", [])
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search_result = [s_item for s_item in search_result if s_item.get("type") in ['search_result', 'zvideo']]
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return self._extract_content_list([sr_item.get("object") for sr_item in search_result if sr_item.get("object")])
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def _extract_content_list(self, content_list: List[Dict]) -> List[ZhihuContent]:
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"""
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extract zhihu content list
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Args:
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content_list:
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Returns:
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"""
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if not content_list:
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return []
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res: List[ZhihuContent] = []
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for content in content_list:
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if content.get("type") == zhihu_constant.ANSWER_NAME:
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res.append(self._extract_answer_content(content))
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elif content.get("type") == zhihu_constant.ARTICLE_NAME:
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res.append(self._extract_article_content(content))
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elif content.get("type") == zhihu_constant.VIDEO_NAME:
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res.append(self._extract_zvideo_content(content))
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else:
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continue
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return res
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def _extract_answer_content(self, answer: Dict) -> ZhihuContent:
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"""
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extract zhihu answer content
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Args:
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answer: zhihu answer
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Returns:
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"""
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res = ZhihuContent()
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res.content_id = answer.get("id")
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res.content_type = answer.get("type")
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res.content_text = extract_text_from_html(answer.get("content", ""))
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res.question_id = answer.get("question").get("id")
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res.content_url = f"{zhihu_constant.ZHIHU_URL}/question/{res.question_id}/answer/{res.content_id}"
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res.title = extract_text_from_html(answer.get("title", ""))
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res.desc = extract_text_from_html(answer.get("description", "") or answer.get("excerpt", ""))
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res.created_time = answer.get("created_time")
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res.updated_time = answer.get("updated_time")
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res.voteup_count = answer.get("voteup_count", 0)
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res.comment_count = answer.get("comment_count", 0)
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# extract author info
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author_info = self._extract_content_or_comment_author(answer.get("author"))
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res.user_id = author_info.user_id
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res.user_link = author_info.user_link
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res.user_nickname = author_info.user_nickname
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res.user_avatar = author_info.user_avatar
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res.user_url_token = author_info.url_token
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return res
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def _extract_article_content(self, article: Dict) -> ZhihuContent:
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"""
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extract zhihu article content
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Args:
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article: zhihu article
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Returns:
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"""
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res = ZhihuContent()
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res.content_id = article.get("id")
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res.content_type = article.get("type")
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res.content_text = extract_text_from_html(article.get("content"))
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res.content_url = f"{zhihu_constant.ZHIHU_URL}/p/{res.content_id}"
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res.title = extract_text_from_html(article.get("title"))
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res.desc = extract_text_from_html(article.get("excerpt"))
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res.created_time = article.get("created_time", 0) or article.get("created", 0)
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res.updated_time = article.get("updated_time", 0) or article.get("updated", 0)
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res.voteup_count = article.get("voteup_count", 0)
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res.comment_count = article.get("comment_count", 0)
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# extract author info
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author_info = self._extract_content_or_comment_author(article.get("author"))
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res.user_id = author_info.user_id
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res.user_link = author_info.user_link
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res.user_nickname = author_info.user_nickname
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res.user_avatar = author_info.user_avatar
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res.user_url_token = author_info.url_token
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return res
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def _extract_zvideo_content(self, zvideo: Dict) -> ZhihuContent:
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"""
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extract zhihu zvideo content
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Args:
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zvideo:
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Returns:
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"""
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res = ZhihuContent()
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if "video" in zvideo and isinstance(zvideo.get("video"), dict): # 说明是从创作者主页的视频列表接口来的
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res.content_id = zvideo.get("video").get("video_id")
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res.content_url = f"{zhihu_constant.ZHIHU_URL}/zvideo/{res.content_id}"
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res.created_time = zvideo.get("published_at")
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res.updated_time = zvideo.get("updated_at")
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else:
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res.content_id = zvideo.get("zvideo_id")
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res.content_url = zvideo.get("video_url")
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res.created_time = zvideo.get("created_at")
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res.content_type = zvideo.get("type")
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res.title = extract_text_from_html(zvideo.get("title"))
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res.desc = extract_text_from_html(zvideo.get("description"))
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res.voteup_count = zvideo.get("voteup_count")
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res.comment_count = zvideo.get("comment_count")
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# extract author info
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author_info = self._extract_content_or_comment_author(zvideo.get("author"))
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res.user_id = author_info.user_id
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res.user_link = author_info.user_link
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res.user_nickname = author_info.user_nickname
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res.user_avatar = author_info.user_avatar
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res.user_url_token = author_info.url_token
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return res
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@staticmethod
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def _extract_content_or_comment_author(author: Dict) -> ZhihuCreator:
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"""
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extract zhihu author
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Args:
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author:
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Returns:
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"""
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res = ZhihuCreator()
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if not author:
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return res
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if not author.get("id"):
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author = author.get("member")
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res.user_id = author.get("id")
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res.user_link = f"{zhihu_constant.ZHIHU_URL}/people/{author.get('url_token')}"
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res.user_nickname = author.get("name")
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res.user_avatar = author.get("avatar_url")
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res.url_token = author.get("url_token")
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return res
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def extract_comments(self, page_content: ZhihuContent, comments: List[Dict]) -> List[ZhihuComment]:
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"""
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extract zhihu comments
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Args:
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page_content: zhihu content object
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comments: zhihu comments
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Returns:
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"""
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if not comments:
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return []
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res: List[ZhihuComment] = []
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for comment in comments:
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if comment.get("type") != "comment":
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continue
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res.append(self._extract_comment(page_content, comment))
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return res
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def _extract_comment(self, page_content: ZhihuContent, comment: Dict) -> ZhihuComment:
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"""
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extract zhihu comment
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Args:
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page_content: comment with content object
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comment: zhihu comment
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Returns:
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"""
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res = ZhihuComment()
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res.comment_id = str(comment.get("id", ""))
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res.parent_comment_id = comment.get("reply_comment_id")
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res.content = extract_text_from_html(comment.get("content"))
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res.publish_time = comment.get("created_time")
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res.ip_location = self._extract_comment_ip_location(comment.get("comment_tag", []))
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res.sub_comment_count = comment.get("child_comment_count")
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res.like_count = comment.get("like_count") if comment.get("like_count") else 0
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res.dislike_count = comment.get("dislike_count") if comment.get("dislike_count") else 0
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res.content_id = page_content.content_id
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res.content_type = page_content.content_type
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# extract author info
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author_info = self._extract_content_or_comment_author(comment.get("author"))
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res.user_id = author_info.user_id
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res.user_link = author_info.user_link
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res.user_nickname = author_info.user_nickname
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res.user_avatar = author_info.user_avatar
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return res
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@staticmethod
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def _extract_comment_ip_location(comment_tags: List[Dict]) -> str:
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"""
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extract comment ip location
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Args:
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comment_tags:
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Returns:
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"""
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if not comment_tags:
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return ""
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for ct in comment_tags:
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if ct.get("type") == "ip_info":
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return ct.get("text")
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return ""
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@staticmethod
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def extract_offset(paging_info: Dict) -> str:
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"""
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extract offset
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Args:
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paging_info:
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Returns:
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"""
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# https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/comment_v5/zvideos/1424368906836807681/root_comment?limit=10&offset=456770961_10125996085_0&order_by=score
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next_url = paging_info.get("next")
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if not next_url:
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return ""
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parsed_url = urlparse(next_url)
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query_params = parse_qs(parsed_url.query)
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offset = query_params.get('offset', [""])[0]
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return offset
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@staticmethod
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def _foramt_gender_text(gender: int) -> str:
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"""
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format gender text
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Args:
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gender:
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Returns:
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"""
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if gender == 1:
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return "男"
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elif gender == 0:
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return "女"
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else:
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return "未知"
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def extract_creator(self, user_url_token: str, html_content: str) -> Optional[ZhihuCreator]:
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"""
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extract zhihu creator
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Args:
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user_url_token : zhihu creator url token
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html_content: zhihu creator html content
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Returns:
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"""
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if not html_content:
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return None
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js_init_data = Selector(text=html_content).xpath("//script[@id='js-initialData']/text()").get(default="").strip()
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if not js_init_data:
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return None
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js_init_data_dict: Dict = json.loads(js_init_data)
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users_info: Dict = js_init_data_dict.get("initialState", {}).get("entities", {}).get("users", {})
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if not users_info:
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return None
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creator_info: Dict = users_info.get(user_url_token)
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if not creator_info:
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return None
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res = ZhihuCreator()
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res.user_id = creator_info.get("id")
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res.user_link = f"{zhihu_constant.ZHIHU_URL}/people/{user_url_token}"
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res.user_nickname = creator_info.get("name")
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res.user_avatar = creator_info.get("avatarUrl")
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res.url_token = creator_info.get("urlToken") or user_url_token
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res.gender = self._foramt_gender_text(creator_info.get("gender"))
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res.ip_location = creator_info.get("ipInfo")
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res.follows = creator_info.get("followingCount")
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res.fans = creator_info.get("followerCount")
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res.anwser_count = creator_info.get("answerCount")
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res.video_count = creator_info.get("zvideoCount")
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res.question_count = creator_info.get("questionCount")
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res.article_count = creator_info.get("articlesCount")
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res.column_count = creator_info.get("columnsCount")
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res.get_voteup_count = creator_info.get("voteupCount")
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return res
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def extract_content_list_from_creator(self, anwser_list: List[Dict]) -> List[ZhihuContent]:
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"""
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extract content list from creator
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Args:
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anwser_list:
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Returns:
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"""
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if not anwser_list:
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return []
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return self._extract_content_list(anwser_list)
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