# 声明：本代码仅供学习和研究目的使用。使用者应遵守以下原则： # 1. 不得用于任何商业用途。 # 2. 使用时应遵守目标平台的使用条款和robots.txt规则。 # 3. 不得进行大规模爬取或对平台造成运营干扰。 # 4. 应合理控制请求频率，避免给目标平台带来不必要的负担。 # 5. 不得用于任何非法或不当的用途。 # # 详细许可条款请参阅项目根目录下的LICENSE文件。 # 使用本代码即表示您同意遵守上述原则和LICENSE中的所有条款。 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # @Author : relakkes@gmail.com # @Time : 2023/12/23 15:41 # @Desc : 微博爬虫主流程代码 import asyncio import os import random from asyncio import Task from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple from playwright.async_api import (BrowserContext, BrowserType, Page, async_playwright) import config from base.base_crawler import AbstractCrawler from proxy.proxy_ip_pool import IpInfoModel, create_ip_pool from store import weibo as weibo_store from tools import utils from var import crawler_type_var, source_keyword_var from .client import WeiboClient from .exception import DataFetchError from .field import SearchType from .help import filter_search_result_card from .login import WeiboLogin class WeiboCrawler(AbstractCrawler): context_page: Page wb_client: WeiboClient browser_context: BrowserContext def __init__(self): self.index_url = "https://www.weibo.com" self.mobile_index_url = "https://m.weibo.cn" self.user_agent = utils.get_user_agent() self.mobile_user_agent = utils.get_mobile_user_agent() async def start(self): playwright_proxy_format, httpx_proxy_format = None, None if config.ENABLE_IP_PROXY: ip_proxy_pool = await create_ip_pool(config.IP_PROXY_POOL_COUNT, enable_validate_ip=True) ip_proxy_info: IpInfoModel = await ip_proxy_pool.get_proxy() playwright_proxy_format, httpx_proxy_format = self.format_proxy_info(ip_proxy_info) async with async_playwright() as playwright: # Launch a browser context. chromium = playwright.chromium self.browser_context = await self.launch_browser( chromium, None, self.mobile_user_agent, headless=config.HEADLESS ) # stealth.min.js is a js script to prevent the website from detecting the crawler. await self.browser_context.add_init_script(path="libs/stealth.min.js") self.context_page = await self.browser_context.new_page() await self.context_page.goto(self.mobile_index_url) # Create a client to interact with the xiaohongshu website. self.wb_client = await self.create_weibo_client(httpx_proxy_format) if not await self.wb_client.pong(): login_obj = WeiboLogin( login_type=config.LOGIN_TYPE, login_phone="", # your phone number browser_context=self.browser_context, context_page=self.context_page, cookie_str=config.COOKIES ) await login_obj.begin() # 登录成功后重定向到手机端的网站，再更新手机端登录成功的cookie utils.logger.info("[WeiboCrawler.start] redirect weibo mobile homepage and update cookies on mobile platform") await self.context_page.goto(self.mobile_index_url) await asyncio.sleep(2) await self.wb_client.update_cookies(browser_context=self.browser_context) crawler_type_var.set(config.CRAWLER_TYPE) if config.CRAWLER_TYPE == "search": # Search for video and retrieve their comment information. await self.search() elif config.CRAWLER_TYPE == "detail": # Get the information and comments of the specified post await self.get_specified_notes() elif config.CRAWLER_TYPE == "creator": # Get creator's information and their notes and comments await self.get_creators_and_notes() else: pass utils.logger.info("[WeiboCrawler.start] Weibo Crawler finished ...") async def search(self): """ search weibo note with keywords :return: """ utils.logger.info("[WeiboCrawler.search] Begin search weibo keywords") weibo_limit_count = 10 # weibo limit page fixed value if config.CRAWLER_MAX_NOTES_COUNT < weibo_limit_count: config.CRAWLER_MAX_NOTES_COUNT = weibo_limit_count start_page = config.START_PAGE for keyword in config.KEYWORDS.split(","): source_keyword_var.set(keyword) utils.logger.info(f"[WeiboCrawler.search] Current search keyword: {keyword}") page = 1 while (page - start_page + 1) * weibo_limit_count <= config.CRAWLER_MAX_NOTES_COUNT: if page < start_page: utils.logger.info(f"[WeiboCrawler.search] Skip page: {page}") page += 1 continue utils.logger.info(f"[WeiboCrawler.search] search weibo keyword: {keyword}, page: {page}") search_res = await self.wb_client.get_note_by_keyword( keyword=keyword, page=page, search_type=SearchType.DEFAULT ) note_id_list: List[str] = [] note_list = filter_search_result_card(search_res.get("cards")) for note_item in note_list: if note_item: mblog: Dict = note_item.get("mblog") if mblog: note_id_list.append(mblog.get("id")) await weibo_store.update_weibo_note(note_item) await self.get_note_images(mblog) page += 1 await self.batch_get_notes_comments(note_id_list) async def get_specified_notes(self): """ get specified notes info :return: """ semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(config.MAX_CONCURRENCY_NUM) task_list = [ self.get_note_info_task(note_id=note_id, semaphore=semaphore) for note_id in config.WEIBO_SPECIFIED_ID_LIST ] video_details = await asyncio.gather(*task_list) for note_item in video_details: if note_item: await weibo_store.update_weibo_note(note_item) await self.batch_get_notes_comments(config.WEIBO_SPECIFIED_ID_LIST) async def get_note_info_task(self, note_id: str, semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore) -> Optional[Dict]: """ Get note detail task :param note_id: :param semaphore: :return: """ async with semaphore: try: result = await self.wb_client.get_note_info_by_id(note_id) return result except DataFetchError as ex: utils.logger.error(f"[WeiboCrawler.get_note_info_task] Get note detail error: {ex}") return None except KeyError as ex: utils.logger.error( f"[WeiboCrawler.get_note_info_task] have not fund note detail note_id:{note_id}, err: {ex}") return None async def batch_get_notes_comments(self, note_id_list: List[str]): """ batch get notes comments :param note_id_list: :return: """ if not config.ENABLE_GET_COMMENTS: utils.logger.info(f"[WeiboCrawler.batch_get_note_comments] Crawling comment mode is not enabled") return utils.logger.info(f"[WeiboCrawler.batch_get_notes_comments] note ids:{note_id_list}") semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(config.MAX_CONCURRENCY_NUM) task_list: List[Task] = [] for note_id in note_id_list: task = asyncio.create_task(self.get_note_comments(note_id, semaphore), name=note_id) task_list.append(task) await asyncio.gather(*task_list) async def get_note_comments(self, note_id: str, semaphore: asyncio.Semaphore): """ get comment for note id :param note_id: :param semaphore: :return: """ async with semaphore: try: utils.logger.info(f"[WeiboCrawler.get_note_comments] begin get note_id: {note_id} comments ...") await self.wb_client.get_note_all_comments( note_id=note_id, crawl_interval=random.randint(1,3), # 微博对API的限流比较严重，所以延时提高一些 callback=weibo_store.batch_update_weibo_note_comments ) except DataFetchError as ex: utils.logger.error(f"[WeiboCrawler.get_note_comments] get note_id: {note_id} comment error: {ex}") except Exception as e: utils.logger.error(f"[WeiboCrawler.get_note_comments] may be been blocked, err:{e}") async def get_note_images(self, mblog: Dict): """ get note images :param mblog: :return: """ if not config.ENABLE_GET_IMAGES: utils.logger.info(f"[WeiboCrawler.get_note_images] Crawling image mode is not enabled") return pics: Dict = mblog.get("pics") if not pics: return for pic in pics: url = pic.get("url") if not url: continue content = await self.wb_client.get_note_image(url) if content != None: extension_file_name = url.split(".")[-1] await weibo_store.update_weibo_note_image(pic["pid"], content, extension_file_name) async def get_creators_and_notes(self) -> None: """ Get creator's information and their notes and comments Returns: """ utils.logger.info("[WeiboCrawler.get_creators_and_notes] Begin get weibo creators") for user_id in config.WEIBO_CREATOR_ID_LIST: createor_info_res: Dict = await self.wb_client.get_creator_info_by_id(creator_id=user_id) if createor_info_res: createor_info: Dict = createor_info_res.get("userInfo", {}) utils.logger.info(f"[WeiboCrawler.get_creators_and_notes] creator info: {createor_info}") if not createor_info: raise DataFetchError("Get creator info error") await weibo_store.save_creator(user_id, user_info=createor_info) # Get all note information of the creator all_notes_list = await self.wb_client.get_all_notes_by_creator_id( creator_id=user_id, container_id=createor_info_res.get("lfid_container_id"), crawl_interval=0, callback=weibo_store.batch_update_weibo_notes ) note_ids = [note_item.get("mlog", {}).get("id") for note_item in all_notes_list if note_item.get("mlog", {}).get("id")] await self.batch_get_notes_comments(note_ids) else: utils.logger.error( f"[WeiboCrawler.get_creators_and_notes] get creator info error, creator_id:{user_id}") async def create_weibo_client(self, httpx_proxy: Optional[str]) -> WeiboClient: """Create xhs client""" utils.logger.info("[WeiboCrawler.create_weibo_client] Begin create weibo API client ...") cookie_str, cookie_dict = utils.convert_cookies(await self.browser_context.cookies()) weibo_client_obj = WeiboClient( proxies=httpx_proxy, headers={ "User-Agent": utils.get_mobile_user_agent(), "Cookie": cookie_str, "Origin": "https://m.weibo.cn", "Referer": "https://m.weibo.cn", "Content-Type": "application/json;charset=UTF-8" }, playwright_page=self.context_page, cookie_dict=cookie_dict, ) return weibo_client_obj @staticmethod def format_proxy_info(ip_proxy_info: IpInfoModel) -> Tuple[Optional[Dict], Optional[Dict]]: """format proxy info for playwright and httpx""" playwright_proxy = { "server": f"{ip_proxy_info.protocol}{ip_proxy_info.ip}:{ip_proxy_info.port}", "username": ip_proxy_info.user, "password": ip_proxy_info.password, } httpx_proxy = { f"{ip_proxy_info.protocol}": f"http://{ip_proxy_info.user}:{ip_proxy_info.password}@{ip_proxy_info.ip}:{ip_proxy_info.port}" } return playwright_proxy, httpx_proxy async def launch_browser( self, chromium: BrowserType, playwright_proxy: Optional[Dict], user_agent: Optional[str], headless: bool = True ) -> BrowserContext: """Launch browser and create browser context""" utils.logger.info("[WeiboCrawler.launch_browser] Begin create browser context ...") if config.SAVE_LOGIN_STATE: user_data_dir = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), "browser_data", config.USER_DATA_DIR % config.PLATFORM) # type: ignore browser_context = await chromium.launch_persistent_context( user_data_dir=user_data_dir, accept_downloads=True, headless=headless, proxy=playwright_proxy, # type: ignore viewport={"width": 1920, "height": 1080}, user_agent=user_agent ) return browser_context else: browser = await chromium.launch(headless=headless, proxy=playwright_proxy) # type: ignore browser_context = await browser.new_context( viewport={"width": 1920, "height": 1080}, user_agent=user_agent ) return browser_context